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I am not a native speaker, so I cannot entirely sense the difference in the meaning of the following two sentences:

An action can only be legitimate if sufficient justifying reasons can be addressed to all concerned (affected) parties...

and:

An action can be legitimate only if sufficient justifying reasons can be addressed to all concerned (affected) parties...

I do understand that, in the second clause, the only if is employed to signify a strong formal condition, i.e., that an action can be legitimate only if that condition is met.

However, I do not understand the first clause (...only be legitimate if...). What is the emphasis of this first clause? I would very much appreciate your help since I am translating an academic text into my mother tongue, and thus need to be very precise when it comes to nuances in meaning.

fev
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Visnja
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  • There are two possibilities in your cite context. Either sufficient justifying reasons CAN be addressed (case #1), or they CAN'T (case #2). The significance of ***only*** is that "an action can be legitimate" if case #1 applies - but if case #2 applies ***there is no possibility of the action being legitimate***. That's to say, if something ***only*** applies in one specific context, that's an "exclusive" situation - implying it will ***never*** occur in any other contexts. – FumbleFingers Jul 03 '21 at 14:39
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    Does this answer your question? ["I only teach you" vs. "I teach only you" vs. "I teach you only"](https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/16026/i-only-teach-you-vs-i-teach-only-you-vs-i-teach-you-only). Also [Does the position of “only” give a different meaning to the sentence?](https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/8979/) and [position of 'only' and the respective change in meaning](https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/27595/) and [The different positions of “only” in the same sentence](https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/111059/), among others. – FumbleFingers Jul 03 '21 at 14:44
  • Those sentences mean the same thing to me. There might be some nuance difference, like the first one sounds more natural, and the second one sounds more like formal logic. – gotube Jul 04 '21 at 07:48
  • Тhank you very much!! Your answers helped me understand the meaning!! – Visnja Jul 04 '21 at 16:40

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